Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament v3.0 Enhanced Trench’s Classic work, Synonyms of the New Testament, is a study of Greek synonyms in the New Testament, showing their similarities and differences.

Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament “Enhanced”

(Updated 2016) 3.0  12th edition
Thanks to Wordmodules.com which provided this module.

By Richard Trench

This is Version 3.0 of the “Enhanced” ‘Synonyms of the New Testament’ by Richard Chenevix Trench. 12th edition, Corrected and Improved. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, 1894.

Trench’s Classic work, Synonyms of the New Testament, is a study of Greek synonyms in the New Testament, showing their similarities and differences.

About Richard Chenevix Trench

Richard Chenevix Trench was educated at Trinity College before being appointed Theological Chair at King’s College in London. Trench authored many books including Classic Commentaries and Studies on Revelation, Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament, and Sermons preached in Westminster Abbey. One of his classic works is Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament.

More Greek Lexicons/Dictionaries

• Thayer’s Greek Lexicon
• Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary of the New Testament
• Abbott-Smith Manual Greek Lexicon
• Wuest Dictionary
• Strong’s Hebrew and Greek Dictionary

From Wordmodules on

The purpose of this module is to make this resource available to a wider English-speaking audience—especially those whose knowledge of the Biblical languages is very basic, “rusty,” or non-existent. Trench’s Synonyms of the NT holds a wealth of information on many Greek words used in the New Testament. But unless you can read Greek, Hebrew and Latin, you are likely to miss out on a lot by having to skip over those sections.

Version 3.0 has the following changes and additions: Popup links to LXX references in Greek-English interlinear format added.

I have keyed each Greek and Hebrew word to Strong’s numbers, both in the headings and in the body of the text. This creates a hyperlink between this dictionary module and any Bible module (with Greek words, such as the TR+ or IGNT Interlinear module) in theWord that is keyed to Strong’s. If you have this module open and click on a Greek word in the Bible text that happens to be discussed in Trench’s ‘Synonyms,’ it will open automatically to that entry.

In cases where Trench discusses a word found in the Classical and/or Patristic Greek, but not found in the NT, I have linked that word to its definition in Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon. (Note: The LSJ module may be downloaded for free from www.theword.net. This is indicated by a superscripted [LSJ] next to the word. For example, τέμενος[LSJ] [“sacred enclosure”].

I have provided inline translations for nearly all Greek, Hebrew and Latin text, where it was deemed practical and useful. Such translations are indicated in [“dark blue text, and placed inside square brackets”].

I provided an index at the end of the module. Each Greek word is keyed to Strong’s for quick reference, and hyperlinked to the section in Trench’s Synonyms where it is discussed.

In certain cased I provide transliteration for Greek and Hebrew words in the body of the text. This is indicated in orange text. I did not include transliterations for words in the headings, since the transliteration of a word can be viewed simply by moving the mouse over the Strong’s number.
Derivative Copyright, 2016 by Allan Loder. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be reproduced or sold without Allan Loder’s consent.

What’s New in Version 3.0 (See full changelog)
Each Greek and Hebrew word is keyed to Strong’s numbers, both in the headings and in the body of the text. This creates a hyperlink between this dictionary module and any Bible module with Greek text in theWord that is keyed to Strong’s (The IGNT interlinear module will work well for those with little or no Greek). If you have this module open and click on a word in the Bible text that happens to be discussed in Trench’s ‘Synonyms,’ it will open automatically to that entry.

In cases where Trench discusses a word found in the Classical and/or Patristic Greek, but not found in the NT, that word is linked to its definition in Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon. (Note: The LSJ module may be downloaded for free from www.theword.net. This is indicated by a superscripted [LSJ] next to the word.

Inline translations are provided for nearly all Greek, Hebrew and Latin text, where it was deemed practical and useful. Such translations are indicated in [“dark blue text, and placed inside square brackets”].

An index is included at the end of the module. Each Greek word is keyed to Strong’s for quick reference, and hyperlinked to the section in Trench’s Synonyms where it is discussed.

Some Greek and Hebrew words in the body of the text are transliterated. This is indicated in orange text.
—–
Typos corrected.
I provided an index at the end of the module. Each Greek word is keyed to Strong’s for quick reference, and hyperlinked to the section in Trench’s Synonyms where it is discussed.
Pop-up hyperlinks to references to the Septuagint text (LXX) are added, including the Apocrypha. This is from Brenton’s Greek-English text.
I have added Strong’s numbers to the module index. If you are using an English version that is keyed to Strong’s (e.g., KJV), you may click on the Strong’s number. If the word is discussed in Trench’s ‘Synonyms,’ the module will open automatically to that entry. I recommend opening the module in a window set to “general book modules” (See the F1 help file under ‘Book Modules’).

From Logos page on Trench’s work Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament

R. C. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament is one of the earliest and most-quoted authorities on NT Greek word studies. Many later writers are indebted to him for their understanding of this subtle language. In fact, Trench receives a special mention in the preface of both Vine’s and Vincent’s word studies and is quoted over 140 times by Wuest and 104 times in TDNT.

Now, for the first time in electronic format, you can go straight to the source and gain insight for yourself into hundreds of words with great theological significance!

Synonyms offers 107 entries that compare and relate more than 325 words drawn from the Greek NT. Trench’s analysis is detailed and thorough, reflecting the author’s deep love of languages. He reveals the differences in meaning and connotation between synonymous words, tracing words’ history and usage by classical and biblical writers.

What distinguishes Trench’s Synonyms from other books of word studies or from a dictionary like TDNT? Simply this: Synonyms is highly focused on exploring the relationships between related clusters of words. Not only do you benefit from his original thoughts on a word (not filtered by a later scholar), but you also get a more thorough explanation of just how one word is similar to and differs from another.

Archbishop Richard C. Trench (1807-1886) was a man whose passion for words and etymology led to the creation of the first Oxford English Dictionary. This same energy and thirst for knowledge drove him to carefully identify New Testament word origins and distinguish between various shades of meaning.

Here’s an example of one of Archbishop Trench’s analyses:

On p. 239, he begins a discussion of the various NT words for sin. First, he very succinctly lays out the basic concept behind each word:

“It may be regarded as the missing of a mark or aim…(hamartia)…the overpassing or transgressing of a line…(parabasis)…the disobedience to a voice…(parkoe)…the falling where one should have stood upright (paraptoma)…ignorance of what one ought to have known…(agnoema)…diminishing of that which should have been rendered in full measure…(ettema)…non-observance of a law…(anomia or paranomia)…a discord in the harmonies of God’s universe…(plemmeleia)”

Then he goes on to expound in greater detail, over the next 10 pages, how each of these words is derived and how each differs from the others. Trench is highly sensitive to the ways word meanings shift over time and context. In his discussion of hamartia, for example, he distinguishes between Homer’s usage (signifying a thrown spear that misses its target) to that of Aristotle (a mistake, only sometimes serious) to Plato (closer to our notion of sin). Trench observes:

“It is a matter of course that with slighter apprehensions of sin, and of the evil of sin, there must go hand in hand a slighter ethical significance in the words used to express sin. It is therefore nothing wonderful that (hamartia) and (hamartanein) should nowhere in classical Greek obtain that depth of meaning which in revealed religion they have acquired.”

Interesting quote in preface to Vincent’s Word Studies:

In the histories of its choicest words, Christianity asserts itself as a redeemer of human speech. The list of New-Testament words lifted out of ignoble associations and uses, and mitred as ministers of sacred truth, is a long and significant one; and there are few more fascinating lines of study than this, to which Archbishop Trench long ago directed English readers in his “Study of Words” and his “New-Testament Synonyms.”

Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament

Trench's Synonyms Of The New Testament 12th Ed (Complete Text) Gbk
Trenchs-Synonyms-of-the-New-Testament-12th-ed.-Complete-Text.gbk_.twm
Version: 3.0

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Trench's Classic work, Synonyms of the New Testament, is a study of Greek synonyms in the New Testament, showing their similarities and differences.

Author:	Richard Trench
Platforms:	Windows 8
Category:	TW Dictionary Modules
Date:	June 12, 2018